Factors for Youth Drug Use

Factors for Youth Drug UseWhat factors leads male puppyish mountain aged 11 18 years old into taking illegitimate medicines in the UK?AbstractStatistical data has shown that an increasing count of young mickle aged between 11 and 18 are utilise illicit medicines either experimentally or habitually. This determine examines a splendid sample of males aged between 11 and 18, and through unstructured interviews ascertains the reasons for their medicate apply. The have aims to expose ways in which barroom could be purify facilitated for this particular age group.IntroductionIn men and women the mis substance ab give of illicit drugs has increased dramatically over the last 50 years (Zerbe, 1999). look for has shown that the particular age when young people begin use alcohol, tobacco, and early(a) illicit drugs is a predictor of later alcohol and drug problems. For example, 40% of young people who begin drinking at age 14 or younger develop alcohol dependence, compare d with 10% of youth who trigger off drinking at age 20 or older. (Ericson, 2001. In Laursen and Brasler, 2002 181). It has been long-established that users of unrivalled drug are more likely to use other drugs than non-users (Gove and Geerken,1979) and that the use of correlates with the onset of psychiatric symptoms. Contemporary research suggests that amongst girls, tobacco use is ofttimes a strong indication that other drugs will be employ in the future, and in males, alcohol use has been described as a gateway to other drugs. (In Laursen and Brasler, 2002 181). Reasons for young people experimenting or regularly using drugs are varied, and include thrust from peers, idiom and emotional factors, a craving to break convention, and the process of individualisation. enquiry into the consequences of divorce on young people has shown that negative consequences are about(predicate) common shortly after a parental divorce (Frost and Pakiz, 1990). While research by Laursen and Br asler recorded the followers responses as to why drugs were usedto numb the pain of abuse and neglect,to be accepted,peer pressure,to take control of my own life,for relaxation and pleasureto trembleto improve my self-imagebecause Im curious, stressed, or boredto assert myself. (Laursen and Brasler, 2002 181) companionable work apply is reliant upon research in order to find the most efficacious ways to deal with cordial problems (Chavkin, 1993). The National Institute of noetic health ( 1991) proposed that social work research is invaluable because it describes the work domain of social work as touching on a multitude of kind problems that inflict pain and suffering on millions of individuals and families. (Chavkin, 1993 3).As children develop into adolescence, they familiarity a series of dramatic changes, both physical, psychological , and psycho-social. Independence and individualism are sought often through the need to belong to a group or more general movement. Subs tance use increases in adolescence (Johnston, OMalley, Bachman, 1998. In Laursen and Brasler, 2002 181) as smoking, drinking, and other drugs start out a way to bulge out mature while fitting in with peers. (Laursen and Brasler, 2002 181).MethodologyA qualitative research method was decided to be most appropriate. Darlington and Scott (2002) highlighted the three most prominent research methods as beingIn-depth interviewing of individuals and small groupsSystematic mirror image of conductAnalysis of documentary data (Darlington and Scott, 2002 2)In-depth interviewing of individuals was chosen for this project, and it was proposed to interview basketball team individuals between the ages of 11 and 18 inwardly the young peoples service, using a random sampling method. As suggested by Darlington and Scott (2002 3) search methods such as in-depth interviewing and participant observation are particularly considerably suited to exploring questions in the human services which relate to the meaning of experiences and to deciphering the complexity of human behaviour.This approach also offers far more potential for establishing a greater rapport with the individual, where a more trustworthy and detailed business descent of personal experiences cleverness be achieved as opposed to observation techniques which might only offer relatively superficial or ambiguous certainty of inner thoughts and feelings. The interviews were taped this ensured that the nurture was accessible, and facilitated more accurate and reliable research. For respectable reasons it was necessity to obtain the consent of the individuals being interviewed. It was made clear to participants that their information might be reproduced and possibly published as part of the get a line. It was necessary to obtain their consent prior to conducting the interview in causal agent they objected to each later use of the information. In cases of younger respondents the permission of their older s iblings or parents was asked prior to the interview. As the sample was chosen randomly the researcher did non have any influencer over the identity of the interviewees. Ten males were selected, of the ages eleven, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, and eighteen. All respondents were interviewed in their homes by trained interviewers. Data was collected primarily through interview, and also through self-reports which aimed to establish the presence of any emotional instabilities.The present study made use of the interview format undertaken by researchers in the study by Vandervalk et al (2005) into the relationship between family problems and the behaviour of adolescents. In the 2005 study researchers used a shortened version of the oecumenical Health Questionnaire, which calculated the finish to which psychological stress and depression had recently been experienced. On a 4-point scale, the respondents indicated the severity of their symptoms (e.g., feeling tense and nervous, feeling unhappy and dejected) during the past 4 weeks (1 much more than usual to 4 not at all). This was replicated for the up-to-date study. Youngsters indicated on a 4-point scale whether they had considered committing suicide during the last 12 months (1 neer to 4 very often) (Diekstra et al., 1991).To distinguish between internal and external factors the 2005 homunculus study used anAdolescent Externalizing Behavior approach that stones throwd the hobbyRisky habits, measuring the degree to which adolescents were involved in risky or unhealthy behavior. Self-report data on the use of cigarettes, alcohol, and soft drugs were used. On 8-point scales, youngsters indicated if and to what extent they smoked, drank alcohol, or used soft drugsDelinquent behavior was assessed as the number of delinquent acts the respondents reported over the past 12 months. The delinquency measure consists of 21 items pertaining to 3 types of delinquent behavior violent villainy (e.g., return you ever wou nded anyone with a knife or other artillery?), vandalism (e.g., Have you ever covered walls, buses, or entryways with graffiti?), and crime against property (e.g., Have you ever bought close tothing which you knew was stolen?).Educational attainment of adolescents and young adults was assessed by asking youngsters about their current level of education or about the highest level of education achieved, in case they no longer participated in the educational system.(Taken from Vandervalk et al (2005 533)ResultsAs the interviews were unstructured it was not possible to identify all of these factors for each individual. However, each interview did touch on these areas, and it was remaining to the individual concerned as to whether they wished to discuss these factors as potential reasons for their use of substances. A list of factors can be found in adjunct wholeness.5 out of 10 respondents said that a lack of gold in their family had, on one or more cause, led them to become inv olved in anti social behaviour. All of these respondents affirmed a positive link between anti social behaviour and drug taking. One male, aged fifteen, said that he would take drugs in a group, but never alone, in order to gain enough federal agency to cause trouble in their local area.9 out of 10 respondents believed that their age group was not catered for enough in the local area and that they took drugs for something to do rather than being forced into it by emotional or stress factors.However, one respondent, aged eighteen, said that he used cocaine regularly because it made his stress go away. When asked about the nature of the stress involved he said that he felt under pressure to achieve at school. He expressed concern that if he didnt achieve then his family would continue to struggle financially. An added stress in this case was that the withdrawals he experienced from his use of the drug were negatively affecting his relationship with his family, and reducing his abilit y to complete his school work.When asked about the amount and rule of drug use, more than half of respondents said that they used drugs more than occasionally. 3 of those said they used regularly for something to do. And another said that they used whenever they were bored.major(ip) positive correlations were found between the respondents self-reports, where negative thoughts and stress prevailed, and the number of occasions that they confessed to using drugs. Although this link appears to be a significant one, it is possible that some interviewees did not give a completely accurate account of their use patterns, possibly in fear of being found out by parents.More than two respondents said that they were attracted to drug taking because of its associations with criminalityResults were consistent with the premises of the complaisant construction approach to defining and explaining the use of drugs in young people. Past research has defined drug use by minority youth as a dysfuncti onal effort to get down problems stemming from poverty and racism or as an alternative means of reservation money in the face of underclass isolation from legitimate sparing opportunities (Merton, 1957 Cloward and Ohlin, 1960 Finestone, 1957 Williams, 1990 Harrell and Peterson, 1992 Currie, 1993. In Covington, 1997 ) However, Covington criticises the social construction of drug problems amongst young people as too easily explaining away reasons for use through emphasis on individual differences as opposed to collective conditions. She suggests that trends in minority and bulk drug use should receive separate treatment.Conclusion and RecommendationsFuture prevention through social work practice needs to focus on the areas of inclusion. A high percentage of respondents said that they used drugs recreationally, and that this had contributed to their developing addiction. That in that location exists positive associations with criminality reflects the need for social work policy to correct to find more ways of addressing the needs of young people in particular areas. The findings of the Hidden Harm report commissioned by the political sympathies found that children of drug users are one of the most vulnerable groups within society, and as part of the Government response to the report it was suggested that the voices of the children of problem drug users should be heard and listened to. ( segment for Education and Skills, 20054). Research into this minority and publication of results could potentially help social work policy to deter young users from taking drugs, and might also deter young users from bringing up children approximately drugs. Future research might include a more socially diverse sample, including a greater variety in terms of wash drawing and background. Externalising factors might also include social trends and political changes, as these greatly affect the nature and accessibility of service provision within a local area.BibliographyBoyn ton, P. (2005) The Research Companion. 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London SageStrauss, A Corbin J. (1998), Basics of Qualitative Research. London Sage.Vandervalk, I Spruijt, I De Goede, M Mass, C, and Meeus, W, Family social organization and Problem Behavior of Adolescents and Young Adults A Growth-Curve Study. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. Vol 34. Issue 6. (2005). P. 533+Zerbe, K.J, (1999), Womens Mental Health in Primary Care. Philadelphia, PA W. B. SaundersAppendix OneUnstructured InterviewTo identify the presence of influence of the following factorsInternalizing behaviour Adolescent ageIndividual-level Factors Adolescent EducationExternalizing behaviourFamily-level Factors Family StructureFamily Income